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When the media missed the message: Benioff clarifies meaning on multiple levels

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Communications scholar Marshall McLuhan’s prescient 1964 bestseller, Understanding Media, argued that “the media is the message,” in which the technology overtakes the spoken words it transmits. In fact, the core messages can get garbled if the media can’t keep up with the intended meaning. Ironically, the media echo chamber initially misunderstood key messages from Salesforce founder Marc Benioff about the safety context of the San Francisco-based Dreamforce extravaganza, as well as the nature of the technology it was showcasing.  

To many people, the firestorm that quickly engulfed Benioff after a buzzy New York Times interview this month seems deserved—just another Big Tech CEO pusillanimously rebranding their politics to gain the favor of President Trump and seeming to endorse a declaration of martial law. A Bloomberg columnist went even further, calling the comments “more than the general bootlicking.” An AdWeek contributor declared, “Dance with politics and you often lose half the market. Sometimes all of it.” 

But those presumptions are lazy attempts to understand how a prominent figure in the Bay Area community takes responsibility for leading his company. What was a legitimate safety concern became a political drama. Such shortsightedness is not only plain wrong but also another example of how every word is weaponized in the American society of 2025. 

Benioff shows how leaders shape context and meaning

Benioff is a seasoned leader, familiar with navigating through this sort of myopic thinking. Many CEOs could have been overwhelmed by the daunting challenge of simultaneously mastering media misconceptions on multiple fronts. But instead of tripping in frustration, Benioff rose to the threefold leadership challenge of correcting a media misunderstanding, pulling off another tentpole event for his company, and contributing a major economic boost to his beloved San Francisco.

A devoted booster of San Francisco, Benioff has long been an advocate for public safety and a sponsor of increasing police protection and staffing levels. And his controversial interview was ambiguous on its face, and appears to have been parsed in a manner meant to capture headlines instead of providing the intricate truths. The key quote was about the National Guard: “We don’t have enough cops, so if they [the National Guard] can be cops, I’m all for it,” he said. This has to be understood in the context of the Trump administration sending the National Guard into several cities across the country on the pretext of an out-of-control crime wave—one that’s contradicted by most statistics. Benioff advocating for the National Guard to invade San Francisco was  construed to seem as a long-time liberal, benevolent billionaire making a heel turn into the Trump camp, a move that so many Silicon Valley oligarchs have made.

And yet. The very same New York Times journalist who interviewed Benioff has also reported on perceived safety concerns in San Francisco herself over the past nine months. She has covered newly elected Mayor Dan Lurie’s efforts to roll back highly questionable open-drug-use policies, such as “the free distribution of clean foil, pipes, and plastic straws on the streets of San Francisco.” In another article, the same reporter quoted Lurie saying, “widespread drug dealing, public drug use, and constantly seeing people in crisis has robbed us of our sense of decency and security.” 

Benioff clarified his National Guard comments in subsequent days leading up to Dreamforce, without backing off his long-running concerns over public safety. “I do not believe the National Guard is needed to address safety in San Francisco,” he posted on X. “I sincerely apologize for the concern it caused … It’s my firm belief that our city makes the most progress when we all work together in a spirit of partnership.” In fact, President Trump then backed off his threats to send the National Guard after speaking with Benioff, Nvidia CEO Jensen Huang, and Mayor Lurie.

At Dreamforce the next day, he told CNBC’s Jim Cramer that he “just want[ed] the city to be as safe as possible” ahead of the conference. Benioff has numerous reasons to personally ensure the event succeeds, both as a CEO and as a community philanthropist. Unfortunately, like many major cities, San Francisco has a shortage of police officers—500 officers, according to the San Francisco Police Department, or an understaffing of more than 20%.

Each year, Dreamforce brings nearly 50,000 people to downtown San Francisco for three days of major keynotes, customer-led discussions, product demos, hands-on learning, and community building. Millions of viewers watch online. Attendees this year included the biggest names in business, such as Dell Technologies’ Michael Dell, Starbucks’ Brian Niccol, and FedEx’s Richard Smith, as well as everyday users of Salesforce products. The economic impact on San Francisco is estimated to generate $130 million in revenue for the city and create 35,000 local jobs.

And then there’s Salesforce’s importance for the wider tech sector, especially in the artificial intelligence (AI) space. Its nascent systems are unlike traditional AI models, which operate within predefined constraints and require human intervention. Salesforce’s agentic AI provides autonomy capable of making its own decisions, planning, executing complex multi-step workflows, and adapting to changing circumstances without being driven by the constant human intervention of generative AI models such as OpenAI, Anthropic, Perplexity, Gemini, and Grok.

The market has not been impressed. Salesforce’s stock is down nearly 25% year-to-date, while competitors such as Microsoft (up 25%), Oracle (up 70%), and SAP (up 10%) have seen solid gains. Markets have continued to focus on quarterly results rather than the extraordinary potential in Salesforce’s burgeoning agentic AI capabilities.

Like the partisan preconceptions surrounding Benioff and his New York Times interview, the faulty assumptions about Salesforce’s future performance are missing the bigger picture. Or as CNBC’s Cramer said, you cannot miss “the forest for the trees” when it comes to Benioff’s long-term vision. The market gave a hint of agreement, as Dreamforce was hailed as a massive success. The market even offered a rare reprieve, sending Salesforce’s stock up by almost 5%. 

The leap into agentic AI

Agentic AI “isn’t vaporware or beta testing,” Benioff explained to Cramer at Dreamforce. The Salesforce CEO used the annual event to deliver an impressive showcase of the revolutionary technology in real-world applications by some of the world’s largest companies. 

FedEx has realized “hundreds of millions of dollars” in new revenue by converting customers to use international services in addition to domestic. These AI-powered insights have allowed the shipping giant to capture market share from competitors.

Williams-Sonoma expects over 60% of chat inquiries to be resolved autonomously through applications such as “Olive,” an automated sous-chef agent that provides personalized menu planning, shopping lists, and product recommendations. 

More than 12,000 other customers, including OpenTable, Reddit, and Under Armour, have already adopted Salesforce’s agentic AI technology, Agentforce, for use as sales agents, supply chain management, and IT service management, among others. The tens of thousands of deployments led to a 119% surge in agent creation during the first half of the year and have resulted in the Data and AI business segment reaching $1.2 billion in the most recent quarter, a year-over-year growth rate of 120%. 

The visionary who bet early

Given all the hype around agentic AI, why has Salesforce seen lackluster performance over the last five years? The answer is simple: Marc Benioff has been thinking long-term, transforming Salesforce for the age of AI. It began as early as 2014, in an all-hands meeting, when Benioff boldly told employees and shareholders that “Salesforce will become an AI-first company.” And the vision became reality as early as 2016, with the introduction and integration of Einstein into the Customer Resource Management (CRM) platform, enabling more predictive and personalized customer experiences. 

Strategic acquisitions—from Tableau to Slack to MetaMind to Airkit—and major R&D initiatives have each contributed to Salesforce’s unique first-mover advantage in agentic AI. The company has invested more than $10 billion in R&D in the technology since fiscal year 2024, shipping four iterations of Agentforce. Salesforce is not just adding basic AI features, like another duplicative LLM. Instead, Benioff is advancing his fundamental transformation of how the business operates into an “era of Agentic Enterprise.” 

The founder and chief executive is so confident in the potential of Agentforce and Salesforce’s other AI technologies that he announced a new long-term revenue target of over $60 billion by fiscal year 2030, suggesting a 10% organic compounded annual growth rate for the next five years. Even Michael Dell appears to buy into the potential as well, telling Dreamforce attendees that Agentforce would “reinvent his whole company.”

Unfortunately, short-term-oriented financial markets do not always reward the interim progress of visionaries. Perhaps with the successes presented at Dreamforce 2025, investors will begin to understand where Benioff is taking Salesforce. While the tech world debated whether agentic AI was hype, Benioff was already building it, deploying it, proving it, and restructuring his entire $40 billion company around it. This is the mark of a visionary—not waiting for consensus, but creating the future while others pontificate about it. 

History will not remember the distortion of a CEO’s vague phrasing about event security in October 2025; it will, however, remember the visionary who declared “AI-first” and delivered the enterprise AI revolution that is now transforming how the world’s top companies operate. True leadership is not about flawless words but about conveying electrifying meaning.  This requires nimble responses, perfect timing, and unwavering execution. 

Recent neurological research by the University of Rochester on multitasking reveals that versatile brains can complete complex cognitive tasks simultaneously. Still, many do not know how Benioff skillfully juggled concurrent leadership tasks, doing more than the “one thing at a time,” a display of unidimensional focus so often preached by coaches. Leaders must not only walk and chew gum at the same time, but multitasking becomes especially critical when they accidentally step on the gum. 

The opinions expressed in Fortune.com commentary pieces are solely the views of their authors and do not necessarily reflect the opinions and beliefs of Fortune.



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SpaceX to offer insider shares at record-setting $800 billion valuation

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SpaceX is preparing to sell insider shares in a transaction that would value Elon Musk’s rocket and satellite maker at as much as $800 billion, people familiar with the matter said, reclaiming the title of the world’s most valuable private company. 

The details, discussed by SpaceX’s board of directors on Thursday at its Starbase hub in Texas, could change based on interest from insider sellers and buyers or other factors, said some of the people, who asked not to be identified as the information isn’t public. SpaceX is also exploring a possible initial public offering as soon as late next year, one of the people said. 

Another person briefed on the matter said that the price under discussion for the sale of some employees and investors’ shares is higher than $400 apiece, which would value SpaceX at between $750 billion and $800 billion. The company wouldn’t raise any funds though this planned sale, though a successful offering at such levels would catapult it past the record of $500 billion valuation achieved by OpenAI in October.

Elon Musk on Saturday denied that SpaceX is raising money at a $800 billion valuation without addressing Bloomberg’s reporting on the planned offering of insiders’ shares. 

“SpaceX has been cash flow positive for many years and does periodic stock buybacks twice a year to provide liquidity for employees and investors,” Musk said in a post on his social media platform X. 

The share sale price under discussion would be a substantial increase from the $212 a share set in July, when the company raised money and sold shares at a valuation of $400 billion. The Wall Street Journal and Financial Times earlier reported the $800 billion valuation target.

News of SpaceX’s valuation sent shares of EchoStar Corp., a satellite TV and wireless company, up as much as 18%. Last month, EchoStar had agreed to sell spectrum licenses to SpaceX for $2.6 billion, adding to an earlier agreement to sell about $17 billion in wireless spectrum to Musk’s company.

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The world’s most prolific rocket launcher, SpaceX dominates the space industry with its Falcon 9 rocket that lifts satellites and people to orbit.

SpaceX is also the industry leader in providing internet services from low-Earth orbit through Starlink, a system of more than 9,000 satellites that is far ahead of competitors including Amazon.com Inc.’s Amazon Leo.

Elite Group

SpaceX is among an elite group of companies that have the ability to raise funds at $100 billion-plus valuations while delaying or denying they have any plan to go public. 

An IPO of the company at an $800 billion value would vault SpaceX into another rarefied group — the 20 largest public companies, a few notches below Musk’s Tesla Inc. 

If SpaceX sold 5% of the company at that valuation, it would have to sell $40 billion of stock — making it the biggest IPO of all time, well above Saudi Aramco’s $29 billion listing in 2019. The firm sold just 1.5% of the company in that offering, a much smaller slice than the majority of publicly traded firms make available.

A listing would also subject SpaceX to the volatility of being a public company, versus private firms whose valuations are closely guarded secrets. Space and defense company IPOs have had a mixed reception in 2025. Karman Holdings Inc.’s stock has nearly tripled since its debut, while Firefly Aerospace Inc. and Voyager Technologies Inc. have plunged by double-digit percentages since their debuts.

SpaceX executives have repeatedly floated the idea of spinning off SpaceX’s Starlink business into a separate, publicly traded company — a concept President Gwynne Shotwell first suggested in 2020. 

However, Musk cast doubt on the prospect publicly over the years and Chief Financial Officer Bret Johnsen said in 2024 that a Starlink IPO would be something that would take place more likely “in the years to come.”

The Information, citing people familiar with the discussions, separately reported on Friday that SpaceX has told investors and financial institution representatives that it’s aiming for an IPO of the entire company in the second half of next year.

Read More: How to Buy SpaceX: A Guide for the Eager, Pre-IPO

A so-called tender or secondary offering, through which employees and some early shareholders can sell shares, provides investors in closely held companies such as SpaceX a way to generate liquidity.

SpaceX is working to develop its new Starship vehicle, advertised as the most powerful rocket ever developed to loft huge numbers of Starlink satellites as well as carry cargo and people to moon and, eventually, Mars.



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National Park Service drops free admission on MLK Day and Juneteenth while adding Trump’s birthday

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The National Park Service will offer free admission to U.S. residents on President Donald Trump’s birthday next year — which also happens to be Flag Day — but is eliminating the benefit for Martin Luther King Jr. Day and Juneteenth.

The new list of free admission days for Americans is the latest example of the Trump administration downplaying America’s civil rights history while also promoting the president’s image, name and legacy.

Last year, the list of free days included Martin Luther King Jr Day and Juneteenth — which is June 19 — but not June 14, Trump’s birthday.

The new free-admission policy takes effect Jan. 1 and was one of several changes announced by the Park Service late last month, including higher admission fees for international visitors.

The other days of free park admission in 2026 are Presidents Day, Memorial Day, Independence Day, Constitution Day, Veterans Day, President Theodore Roosevelt’s birthday (Oct. 27) and the anniversary of the creation of the Park Service (Aug. 25).

Eliminating Martin Luther King Jr. Day and Juneteenth, which commemorates the day in 1865 when the last enslaved Americans were emancipated, removes two of the nation’s most prominent civil rights holidays.

Some civil rights leaders voiced opposition to the change after news about it began spreading over the weekend.

“The raw & rank racism here stinks to high heaven,” Harvard Kennedy School professor Cornell William Brooks, a former president of the NAACP, wrote on social media about the new policy.

Kristen Brengel, a spokesperson for the National Parks Conservation Association, said that while presidential administrations have tweaked the free days in the past, the elimination of Martin Luther King Jr. Day is particularly concerning. For one, the day has become a popular day of service for community groups that use the free day to perform volunteer projects at parks.

That will now be much more expensive, said Brengel, whose organization is a nonprofit that advocates for the park system.

“Not only does it recognize an American hero, it’s also a day when people go into parks to clean them up,” Brengel said. “Martin Luther King Jr. deserves a day of recognition … For some reason, Black history has repeatedly been targeted by this administration, and it shouldn’t be.”

Some Democratic lawmakers also weighed in to object to the new policy.

“The President didn’t just add his own birthday to the list, he removed both of these holidays that mark Black Americans’ struggle for civil rights and freedom,” said Democratic Sen. Catherine Cortez Masto of Nevada. “Our country deserves better.”

A spokesperson for the National Park Service did not immediately respond to questions on Saturday seeking information about the reasons behind the changes.

Since taking office, Trump has sought to eliminate programs seen as promoting diversity across the federal government, actions that have erased or downplayed America’s history of racism as well as the civil rights victories of Black Americans.

Self-promotion is an old habit of the president’s and one he has continued in his second term. He unsuccessfully put himself forwardfor the Nobel Peace Prize, renamed the U.S. Institute of Peace after himself, sought to put his name on the planned NFL stadium in the nation’s capital and had a new children’s savings program named after him.

Some Republican lawmakers have suggested putting his visage on Mount Rushmore and the $100 bill.



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JPMorgan CEO Jamie Dimon says Europe has a ‘real problem’

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JPMorgan Chase & Co. Chief Executive Officer Jamie Dimon called out slow bureaucracy in Europe in a warning that a “weak” continent poses a major economic risk to the US.

“Europe has a real problem,” Dimon said Saturday at the Reagan National Defense Forum. “They do some wonderful things on their safety nets. But they’ve driven business out, they’ve driven investment out, they’ve driven innovation out. It’s kind of coming back.”

While he praised some European leaders who he said were aware of the issues, he cautioned politics is “really hard.” 

Dimon, leader of the biggest US bank, has long said that the risk of a fragmented Europe is among the major challenges facing the world. In his letter to shareholders released earlier this year, he said that Europe has “some serious issues to fix.”

On Saturday, he praised the creation of the euro and Europe’s push for peace. But he warned that a reduction in military efforts and challenges trying to reach agreement within the European Union are threatening the continent.

“If they fragment, then you can say that America first will not be around anymore,” Dimon said. “It will hurt us more than anybody else because they are a major ally in every single way, including common values, which are really important.”

He said the US should help.

“We need a long-term strategy to help them become strong,” Dimon said. “A weak Europe is bad for us.”

The administration of President Donald Trump issued a new national security strategy that directed US interests toward the Western Hemisphere and protection of the homeland while dismissing Europe as a continent headed toward “civilizational erasure.”

Read More: Trump’s National Security Strategy Veers Inward in Telling Shift

JPMorgan has been ramping up its push to spur more investments in the national defense sector. In October, the bank announced that it would funnel $1.5 trillion into industries that bolster US economic security and resiliency over the next 10 years — as much as $500 billion more than what it would’ve provided anyway. 

Dimon said in the statement that it’s “painfully clear that the United States has allowed itself to become too reliant on unreliable sources of critical minerals, products and manufacturing.”

Investment banker Jay Horine oversees the effort, which Dimon called “100% commercial.” It will focus on four areas: supply chain and advanced manufacturing; defense and aerospace; energy independence and resilience; and frontier and strategic technologies. 

The bank will also invest as much as $10 billion of its own capital to help certain companies expand, innovate or accelerate strategic manufacturing.

Separately on Saturday, Dimon praised Trump for finding ways to roll back bureaucracy in the government.

“There is no question that this administration is trying to bring an axe to some of the bureaucracy that held back America,” Dimon said. “That is a good thing and we can do it and still keep the world safe, for safe food and safe banks and all the stuff like that.”



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