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Your software should be space-grade — take it from an aerospace operations engineer

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The internet started as a Department of Defense-funded military project in 1969. Today, it’s in the pockets of 100% of smartphone owners and accessed by 68% of the world’s population. Space travel started as a postwar race between the governments of America and the Soviet Union to put people on the Moon in the 1950s-’60s. Today, celebrities and wealthy citizens can purchase tickets to go on space flights.

When it comes to technology that powers high-stakes industries, why not shortcut the arc of innovation and start with space-grade software from takeoff?

I’m speaking as both a mission operations engineer and a founder when I say that the business world and our everyday lives increasingly rely on software platforms to bring order to complexity. As engineers, our job is to figure out the best ways to apply technology and tools to fix complex problems. We’re focused on critical issues playing out in the digital and physical worlds.

It doesn’t get more physical than aerospace, and it doesn’t get more high-stakes than SpaceX. I know. I spent over 10 years as a member of SpaceX’s mission operations team in charge of pioneering innovation in the aerospace industry.

In the early days, we got a directive to push for mission success, then keep pushing towards the next mission, and the next. And building aircraft, satellites, rockets, and other hardware needs software to support getting from idea to launchpad. The problem? The very software that makes missions possible can make an operations engineer’s tasks harder.

As one of the first members of the Dragon spacecraft’s operations team, I saw SpaceX’s leadership grow within the commercial space industry firsthand. The  obstacles we had to meet in the control room never got easier, from our first mission in 2010 to the delivery of the first commercial astronauts to the International Space Station (ISS) in 2020.

Despite the scale of the problems we solved, we still were challenged by fragmented processes and disconnected workflows — some of which included the very same tools you might find in an everyday office, like multiple PDFs, disparate spreadsheets, and physical checklists. We were able to patch some of these siloed processes and workflows over time, but the difficulty lay at the core: our systems weren’t altogether connected, meaning our solutions would always be limited stopgaps if the larger, structural issue went unaddressed.

This wasn’t a SpaceX-only problem, either. It was an industry-wide, dangerous divide between what the software provides and what the team actually needs.

We can close that gap today. We need more tools made for space by talented software engineers and fewer mechanical engineers building mission-critical software tools. That way, mechanical engineers have the ability to turn their attention to the tasks in front of them:  ensuring the world’s most time-critical and high-stakes activities, like managing nuclear energy or launching an aircraft filled with humans into space, can run safely.

I’ve seen firsthand how much professionals in industries like space, aviation, mining, and defense depend on software to keep projects running smoothly. Whether we’re designing a vehicle destined for a faraway planet or coordinating thousands of airline patterns, each step is tracked, tested, and managed through software. And for tasks like these, the margin for error isn’t just thin—it’s nonexistent.

All companies from Fortune 500s to stealth startups remain confined to a life of patching together workflows using spreadsheets, shared folders, and fragmented tools. But in mission-critical industries, “good enough” just isn’t good enough. And in 2025, that’s just about every industry.

If we don’t prioritize streamlined, top-tier software, we risk repeating incidents like a radar screen blackout at Newark Airport this past May. The issue was attributed to a brief telecommunications outage, but its impact stretched beyond the 90 seconds the radar screens went dark. The FAA halted incoming air traffic with a ground stop, compounding delays created by staffing shortages resulting from a separate outage the previous month.  

And, at the time of the outage, an air traffic controller could be heard communicating to a nearby flight: “Scopes just went black again.” Key word: again. We can’t keep putting operators in this position, over and over, by giving them no option other than antiquated, disconnected software. The public’s trust—and safety—relies on us doing better.

That starts by building software with the highest engineering standards and principles that guide how the world’s most prolific innovators, rocket scientists, and engineers design, then extend them to other industries with critical, complex operations like aviation, manufacturing, or defense.

The truth is, the systems we engineer and bring to market are only as strong as the software that supports them. Whether you’re launching rockets, modernizing medical operations, or testing cutting-edge defense programs, missions across industries operate at a level where failure carries enormous cost—sometimes financial, sometimes human. If the software that powers these projects isn’t ironclad, intuitive, and resilient, then it’s a weak point in the entire system—and an exploitation opportunity for nefarious actors and, increasingly, automated attackers.

As engineers or business leaders operating in high-stakes industries, we must accept that operations software should be as bulletproof as the systems it supports. It must provide full traceability and visibility. It should adapt to complex workflows, not the other way around.

Today’s software needs to prevent problems from happening, not proliferate them or self-destruct. In practical terms, that means building platforms with a keen eye toward version control, real-time collaboration, auditable histories, and data security.

Getting there, however, requires considering more than by-the-numbers requirements. During my time at SpaceX, we had the opportunity to build custom, in-house operational tools. On paper, our initial concepts were excellent. But, in practice, we needed to prioritize the end-user. And incorporating usability testing with non-technical subjects revealed momentary human behaviors, like eye and scan patterns, that would buy operators critical split seconds when making mission-critical decisions.

So, by “space-grade,” I don’t mean overly complex or only for aerospace. I’m talking about elegant software: blending operational rigor with human-centered design to create unified platforms and tools capable of supporting complex, consequential operations in any industry.

Teams in defense, energy, nuclear fusion, and advanced manufacturing thrive with the same capabilities we once reserved only for spacecraft. Why not apply that to accounting, customer service, or legal industries?

Success, in any mission, starts with a solid foundation. And today, that foundation is software. The right platform doesn’t just make your team more efficient or your company stand out from competitors—it makes your operation safer, more accountable, and more prepared for the unexpected.

Let’s raise the bar for tools, platforms, and software powering our world and the exploration of our galaxy. Both stand to thrive if we can achieve space-grade innovation across engineering contexts.

Holding software to the standard you’d hold spacecraft engineering in terms of durability, security, and practicality not only levels up each mission, but can create new industry standards of excellence for a more resilient tomorrow.

The opinions expressed in Fortune.com commentary pieces are solely the views of their authors and do not necessarily reflect the opinions and beliefs of Fortune.



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The Epstein files are heavily redacted, including contact info for Trump, celebs, and bankers

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The highly anticipated Epstein files have so far landed with a thud as page after page of documents have been blacked out, with many nearly totally redacted.

While hundreds of thousands of documents have been released so far on the Justice Department’s site housing the information, there isn’t that much to see.

“Simply releasing a mountain of blacked out pages violates the spirit of transparency and the letter of the law,” Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer said in a statement. “For example, all 119 pages of one document were completely blacked out. We need answers as to why.”

That appeared to refer to a document titled “Grand Jury NY.” 

The data dump came late Friday, the deadline that Congress established last month for disclosing the trove of files, though other documents had already been released earlier by the DOJ, Congress and the Epstein estate.

One document listed thousands of names with their contact information redacted, including Donald Trump as well as Ivana and Ivanka Trump.

Numerous celebrities were also in that document, such as Rolling Stones singer Mick Jagger and the late pop idol Michael Jackson, who also appeared in photos with Epstein.

Former Senators John Kerry and George Mitchell were on the list as were Jes Staley, a former JPMorgan and Barclays executive, and Leon Black, a cofounder and former CEO of Apollo Global Management.

Appearing in the files doesn’t necessarily imply any wrongdoing as Epstein mingled in wider social circles and was ofter asked for charitable donations.

But Staley said he had sex with a member of Epstein’s staff, and Black was pushed out of Apollo over his Epstein ties, which Black maintains were for tax- and estate-planning services.

Numerous hotels, clubs and restaurants are listed too, plus locations simply described as “massage.” Banks included the now defunct Colonial Bank as well as Bear Stearns and Chemical Bank, which both eventually became part of JPMorgan.

Other entries fell under country categories like Brazil, France, Italy and Israel. Former Israeli prime ministers Ehud Olmert and Ehud Barak were on the list.



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Epstein files: Trump, Clinton, Summers, Gates not returning any results in search bar

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The Justice Department released a massive trove of files related to the late sex trafficker Jeffrey Epstein on Friday, but the site housing the information was failing to turn up any results.

The data dump came on the deadline that Congress established last month for disclosing the highly anticipated information, though a top Justice official suggested that not all the documents would come out at once with more due in the coming weeks.

While President Donald Trump, former President Bill Clinton, former Treasury Secretary Larry Summers, Microsoft cofounder Bill Gates and scores of other powerful men have been linked to Epstein, their names failed to come up in a search of DOJ’s “Epstein Library.”

“No results found. Please try a different search,” the site says after queries for their names.

The site adds that “Due to technical limitations and the format of certain materials (e.g., handwritten text), portions of these documents may not be electronically searchable or may produce unreliable search results.”

However, Clinton also appears in photos that were released as does the late pop singer Michael Jackson. Other records were heavily redacted.

Deputy Attorney General Todd Blanche told Congress that the Justice Department had identified 1,200 victims of Epstein or their relatives and redacted materials that could reveal their identities, according to the New York Times.

Last month, an overwhelmingly bipartisan vote in Congress produced legislation to force the Trump administration to release the DOJ files, though emails and photos from Epstein’s estate had already come out.

One of the sponsors of that legislation, Rep. Ro Khanna, warned on Friday that if DOJ doesn’t show that it’s complying with the law, Congress could hold impeachment hearings for Attorney General Pam Bondi and Blanche.

Earlier on Friday, Blanche told Fox News that “several hundred thousand” pages would be released on Friday. “And then, over the next couple of weeks, I expect several hundred thousand more,” he added.

This story was originally featured on Fortune.com



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Want a job in AI-era tech? Forget prestigious degrees—tech leaders want to see your GitHub projects and internships

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For decades, computer science has been sold as one of the surest paths to economic security. And leaders across politics and industry—from former President Bill Clinton and Secretary of State Marco Rubio to Steve Jobs and Bill Gates—have at times urged students not to overlook the field, framing coding skills as the secret to stable, high-paying jobs.

But as artificial intelligence rapidly reshapes the workplace, that promise is starting to look less certain.

A new survey of more than 200 engineering leaders, conducted by tech training nonprofit CodePath and shared exclusively with Fortune, shows entry-level tech hiring is slowing. More than one-third of respondents, 38%, said their company has reduced the number of entry-level hiring over the past year, and nearly 1 in 7 reported pausing Gen Z hiring altogether.

At the same time, 18% said hiring had stayed the same, and 8% reported an increase. Despite the overall slowdown, CodePath CEO Michael Ellison—a Y Combinator alum—argues telling people to avoid tech right now would be a mistake.

“That’s just kind of like taking crazy pills if you end up choosing not to invest in the tools that make you the most powerful—of telling computers what you want them to do in an age where computers are becoming exponentially more powerful,” Ellison told Fortune. “So to me, it’s like saying, ‘don’t learn how to use the internet.’”

Ellison’s argument reflects a broader shift in how computer science fits into the AI economy. As generative AI tools become more capable, understanding how software works—and how to direct, customize, and integrate AI systems—is increasingly seen as a foundational skill rather than a specialized one.

That demand is already showing up in the labor market. AI literacy topped LinkedIn’s list of the skills professionals are prioritizing and companies are hiring for right now. And a Lightcast analysis of more than 1.3 billion job postings in 2024 found roles advertising at least one AI or generative AI skill offered an average of $18,000 more in annual compensation that those that did not.

Notably, the majority of those roles were outside the tech sector. Some 51% of jobs requiring AI skills were in non-tech industries, up from 44% in 2022—a sign coding and AI fluency are becoming relevant far beyond Silicon Valley.

The new secret to landing a tech job

Still, slowing hiring doesn’t mean aspiring technologists should give up. Instead, the CodePath data suggests candidates may need to rethink what they emphasize—and what they leave off—when applying for tech roles.

When asked which signals matter most outside the interview process, engineering leaders indicated proof of real-world skills matter far more than formal credentials. Side projects or portfolios topped the list, cited by 38% of respondents, followed by internship experience (35%), and public code portfolios like GitHub (34%).

Traditional markers of achievement, by contrast, carried far less weight. Just 4% of leaders said credentialing programs were a top influence in hiring decisions, while only 23% cited a candidate degree or academic focus and 17% pointed to school prestige.

The shift away from pedigree suggests employers are seeking evidence candidates can actually do the work. Greater fluency with AI tools and frameworks was the most common skill expectation for early-career hires, followed by faster time to writing production-ready code and the ability to learn new tools or programming languages quickly.

And despite buzz about tech layoffs, job opportunities do still exist. The U.S. federal government, for example, recently announced it would be hiring about 1,000 new engineers, data scientists, and AI specialists. No degrees or work experience is required—and salaries will range from $150,000 to $200,000. Meta has also still been hiring young talent in recent weeks, with job postings for roles such as product software engineers.

Ellison’s advice for those seeking roles is simple: Opportunities are out there as long as you are willing to dig in deeper—and build a portfolio that hiring managers are looking for.

“People are rewarded for being aggressive and for going after what they want,” he said. It’s surprising the opportunities that are hidden in plain sight.”

This story was originally featured on Fortune.com



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