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Tesla is officially smaller than China’s BYD in EV sales as it reports second-straight year of falling sales

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Tesla has officially ceded its long‑held crown as the world’s top electric‑vehicle maker, with China’s BYD now firmly in the lead after a year of surging sales in Asia and stalling demand for Elon Musk’s cars. The changing of the guard comes as Tesla reports its second straight annual drop in deliveries, underscoring how quickly the balance of power in the global EV race has tilted toward China. It also comes after the end of federal subsidies for EV purchases in the U.S. from Musk’s on-again, off-again ally President Donald Trump, a move that Ford CEO Jim Farley predicted in September would cut the EV market in half. ​

China’s BYD said this week it sold about 2.26 million fully electric vehicles in 2025, an increase of nearly 28% from the prior year and enough to make it the world’s largest EV seller. The Shenzhen‑based company’s battery‑electric tally does not include its vast plug‑in hybrid lineup, which brings total “new energy vehicle” sales to roughly 4.6 million last year.

By contrast, Tesla reported that its 2025 deliveries fell to roughly 1.6 million vehicles, down about 8%–9% from 2024 and well below BYD’s all‑electric total. That marks the second year in a row of shrinking sales for Tesla, which peaked around 1.8 million deliveries in 2023, but it was still narrowly ahead of BYD in 2024.

In an unusual move, Tesla preemptively released a statement on Tuesday, detailing the estimates from 20 Wall Street analysts on its deliveries through 2029 while adding that it “does not endorse” any of that information. The Information‘s Martin Peers suggested that Tesla didn’t want anyone “to be shocked by the magnitude of the sales decline it’s on track to report for the fourth quarter of 2025.” Peers noted that analysts expected a 14.6% drop to 422,850 and, in fact, Tesla reported a 15% drop to 418,227. Analyst Gary Black was on the mark in a post on X, interpreting the Tesla statement as a sign that it would release a number closer to the 420,000 range than previous estimates of around 450,000. Tesla stock is down over 6% over the last five days, but was relatively unchanged on Friday, indicating that the market had already priced in this news.

Ford Motor Company, for its part, announced a $19.5 billion writedown on its EV initiatives in December, with Farley saying there was a “customer-driven shift.” Speaking to CNBC about the electric pivot, Farley said that just in line with his predictions, the EV market had already shrunk to around 5% of the U.S. vehicle market, cut in half since the subsidy ended in September.

Tesla’s rare reversal in growth

For more than a decade, Tesla was synonymous with relentless growth, riding early‑mover advantage and generous subsidies to become the face of the EV revolution. That trajectory reversed in 2024 and 2025 as global demand cooled, rivals undercut prices, and key incentives in the United States and Europe expired. Elon Musk’s political evolution likely played a role as well, with his hard-right turn clashing with the demographics of many Tesla owners, who tend to be affluent and left-leaning. Sales in Europe notably declined as Musk took steps to endorse, for instance, the far-right AFD in Germany and Marine Le Pen in France.​

BYD’s ascent has been built on aggressive pricing, dense local supply chains and a broad range of mass‑market models that target price‑sensitive buyers at home and abroad. The company now sells everything from budget city cars to premium sedans, and it has rapidly expanded exports to Europe, Southeast Asia, Latin America and the Middle East. BYD sales are effectively not allowed at all in the U.S., with 100% high tariffs in place for Chinese EVs since ​2024, enacted under President Joe Biden.

Crucially, BYD caught and then overtook Tesla in pure EV production in 2024, before converting that lead into a clear sales advantage last year as its volumes passed 2.2 million fully electric units. Analysts say the company’s scale in China—by far the world’s largest EV market—gives it cost and learning‑curve advantages that are increasingly hard for Western rivals to match.

The shift in rankings lands at a politically sensitive moment, with Washington and Brussels already scrutinizing Chinese EV imports and raising tariffs over concerns about overcapacity and state support. Any further clampdown could complicate BYD’s overseas push even as it entrenches dominance inside China, where competition remains fierce and local subsidies are being pared back.

​BYD shares were up nearly 5% on Friday.



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Why a CFO’s top skill isn’t capital allocation—it’s influence

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Good morning. Happy New Year! Today’s CFOs are expected not only to own the numbers, but also to act as core strategists, digital leaders, and enterprise change agents.

I recently talked about this topic with Robinhood CFO Jason Warnick and his successor, Shiv Verma, SVP of finance and strategy and treasurer. At Robinhood, the Menlo Park, Calif.–based fintech and asset trading platform, Verma is stepping into the top finance job. Warnick is retiring and moving into an advisory role this quarter, remaining with the company until Sept. 1.

Earlier in his career, Warnick—who joined Robinhood in late 2018 after two decades at Amazon—said he was once asked by a mentor, “What do you think is the most important aspect of a CFO’s job?” Warnick answered, “capital allocation.”

“That’s important; that’s what drives future returns for the company,” he recalls his mentor telling him. “But you don’t get to allocate the capital yourself.” The most important skill a CFO has, Warnick said, is influencing the ultimate decision-maker—the CEO. “So our job is to bring data and finance into the discussion and influence the outcome,” he said.

Verma has spent a lot of time with Robinhood CEO Vlad Tenev, the board, and cross-functional leaders in engineering, legal, compliance, and risk, focusing on the decisions that matter most for Robinhood’s long-term trajectory, he said.

While both roles are critical on their own, the quality of the CEO–CFO partnership often matters more than what either leader can achieve individually. CEOs are leaning on their CFOs as strategic thought partners as businesses confront rapid technological change and evolving stakeholder expectations. In that context, finance chiefs provide enterprise-wide visibility and help turn ambiguity into concrete scenarios, trade-offs, and decisions.

Verma, now Tenev’s strategic partner, describes Robinhood’s past seven years as a compressed Silicon Valley life cycle: early build-out, pandemic-era hypergrowth, the GameStop frenzy, and an IPO, followed by a sharp selloff. In 2022, Robinhood cut roughly 30% of its workforce and shifted to a general manager model intended to cut excessive management layers and give managers broader responsibility for their businesses. “We’ve come a long way,” Verma said, “to a very skilled public company.” In 2024, the company earned $2.95 billion in total net revenue and annual net income of $1.41 billion. In September, it joined the S&P 500.

Robinhood has also managed to create a model of corporate governance and succession planning. To find out how the company handled the CFO transition, you can read more here.

Sheryl Estrada
sheryl.estrada@fortune.com

Leaderboard

Jason Chung was promoted to CFO of Riot Platforms, Inc. (Nasdaq: RIOT), effective March 1, 2026. Chung succeeds Colin Yee, who has served as the company’s CFO since 2022. Chung currently serves as Riot’s EVP and head of corporate development and strategy, and brings two decades of experience in investment banking and corporate finance to the CFO role. He will assume leadership of Riot’s finance organization while continuing to oversee corporate development and investor relations. 

Dan Moorhead was appointed CFO of Beyond Air, Inc. (Nasdaq: XAIR), a commercial stage medical device and biopharmaceutical company, effective Jan. 5. Duke Dewrell, the company’s controller, who served as interim CFO, will resume his prior role as of that date. Moorhead brings more than 20 years of finance leadership experience. He previously served as CFO of Zynex, Inc. Before that, Moorhead spent 10 years at Evolving Systems, Inc. (acquired by PartnerOne, Inc.), serving as CFO following earlier roles as VP of finance and administration and corporate controller.

Big Deal

Elon Musk’s electric vehicle company Tesla (No. 43 on the Fortune 500) released its fourth-quarter 2025 production, deliveries, and deployments report on Friday. 

In Q4, Tesla produced over 434,000 vehicles, delivered over 418,000 vehicles, and deployed 14.2 GWh of energy storage products, which is a record for deployments, according to the company. Tesla sales totaled 418,227 vehicles in Q4, short of analysts’ expectations of around 440,000 vehicles, including a FactSet consensus of roughly 440,000. Sales were impacted in part by the expiration of a $7,500 tax credit for EV purchases that was ended by the Trump administration at the end of September. 

For the full year 2025, the company delivered 1.64 million vehicles, down about 9% from 1.79 million in 2024. In comparison, Chinese competitor BYD sold about 2.26 million electric vehicles in 2025, now making it the world’s biggest EV maker.

Going deeper

“5 takeaways on Venezuela in the aftermath of Maduro: A memo to CEOs” is a new Fortune opinion piece by Jeffrey Sonnenfeld, the Lester Crown Professor of Leadership Practice at the Yale School of Management and founder of the Yale Chief Executive Leadership Institute.

Three of the key themes Sonnenfeld argues every CEO should think about are:

—”Consider an immediate, temporary moratorium on executive travel between the U.S. and Latin America, and take care in Lower Manhattan.”

— “Hold off on public statements of support or condemnation until the justice process in the U.S. unfolds, Venezuelan streets and government processes are stable, succession is clear, and public statements emerge from Latin American nations.”

—”Prepare for prospective Latin American backlash against U.S. enterprises with major market engagement and trade relations.”

You can read his complete opinion piece here.

Overheard

“You make investments in safety or investments in people, and they don’t necessarily show up on the bottom line—at least not immediately.”

—Waste Management CEO Jim Fish told Fortune in an interview. “Safety tends to show up in longer terms, and if you do have a safe organization, that will eventually show up on your income statement—but it takes a while,” Fish said.



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Trump needs to calm the GOP after saying he’s not afraid to put troops in Venezuela

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President Donald Trump’s military intervention in Venezuela will pose a fresh test of his ability to hold together a restive Republican coalition during a challenging election year that could be defined by domestic concerns like health care and affordability.

While most Republicans lined up behind the president in the immediate aftermath of the stunning U.S. mission to capture Venezuelan leader Nicolás Maduro and bring him to New York to face criminal charges, there were signs of unease across the spectrum within the party. In particular, Trump’s comments about the U.S. positioning itself to “run” Venezuela have raised concerns that he is abandoning the “America First” philosophy that has long distinguished him from more traditional Republicans and helped fuel his political rise.

“This is the same Washington playbook that we are so sick and tired of that doesn’t serve the American people, but actually serves the big corporations, the banks and the oil executives,” said Rep. Marjorie Taylor Greene of Georgia, a former Trump ally who is resigning on Monday, in an interview with NBC’s “Meet the Press” on Sunday.

Those concerns were shared by some who are not associated with the party’s far-right flank.

Rep. Brian Fitzpatrick of Pennsylvania, a moderate who is one of the most vulnerable Republicans in the November midterms, said in a statement that “the only country that the United States of America should be ‘running’ is the United States of America.”

Those comments reflect the sensitive dynamics between Trump and his fellow Republicans at the outset of an election year in which their party risks losing control of Congress. While the president’s dominance remains undisputed, the ironclad grip that he has held over the party has faced unusual challenges in recent months. Blocs of Republicans have banded together to pressure Trump to release the Jeffrey Epstein files. Others have been vocal in encouraging Trump to take concerns about affordability more seriously.

Trump’s aggressive vision of U.S. dominance

Few issues are as central to Trump’s political brand as ensuring that the U.S. does not get entangled in seemingly endless foreign conflicts at the expense of domestic goals. During a 2016 Republican presidential debate, for instance, he described the war in Iraq as a “big, fat mistake.”

But on Saturday, Trump said he was “not afraid of boots on the ground” in Venezuela if that was deemed necessary, and he framed his actions as prioritizing the safety and security of Americans. He articulated an aggressive vision of U.S. dominance in the Western Hemisphere, and he told reporters it was important to “surround ourselves with good neighbors.”

However, much like the Iraq War, a president’s early confidence after a dramatic military action can sometimes meet more sobering realities that drain domestic political support.

In Venezuela, U.S. troops could be placed in harm’s way again as Trump warns that more military operations may be in the works. An ongoing conflict could worsen the hemisphere’s refugee crisis, something the White House has tried to tamp down with stricter border controls. In addition, there are questions about how much cooperation the U.S. will receive from officials still in Venezuela or how easily the country’s oil reserves could be tapped to fulfill Trump’s goal of extracting more energy with Maduro out of the picture.

Trump’s comments this weekend about revitalizing the oil industry in Venezuela are in line with some of the earliest critiques he made of the handling of the Iraq War. During a 2013 speech before the Conservative Political Action Conference, Trump said the U.S. should “take” oil from Iraq and “pay ourselves back.”

Frustration with the handling of the Iraq War contributed to major gains for Democrats in the 2006 election and helped create the conditions for Barack Obama to be elected to the presidency two years later. Given the baggage surrounding those wars, Trump allies insist that the actions this weekend in Venezuela are different.

“Venezuela looks nothing like Libya,” Secretary of State Marco Rubio said on “Meet the Press. “It looks nothing like Iraq. It looks nothing like Afghanistan. It looks nothing like the Middle East other than the Iranian agents that are running through there plotting against America, okay?”

Senate Intelligence Committee Chairman Tom Cotton argued that the 1989 ouster of Manuel Noriega in Panama is a better comparison.

“That was a successful operation,” Cotton said on CNN’s “State of the Union.” “I believe, in the long run, this will be too.”

Still, amid some of the pushback about the U.S. taking expansive responsibility for managing Venezuela, Rubio suggested a more limited role. He said that Washington would not handle day-to-day governance of the South American country other than enforcing an existing “oil quarantine” on Venezuela.

There’s not much organized GOP opposition to the strikes

It is not clear that any forceful, organized opposition to Trump’s Venezuela policy is emerging within the GOP. Instead, many lawmakers appear to be giving the Republican administration some room and, at most, offer some warnings.

Sen. Susan Collins of Maine, who faces a potentially challenging reelection campaign this year, called Maduro a “narco-terrorist and international drug trafficker” who should stand trial even, as she said “Congress should have been informed about the operation earlier and needs to be involved as this situation evolves.”

Even Sen. Rand Paul of Kentucky, who often criticizes military interventions, did not specifically oppose Trump’s actions. He wrote on social media that “time will tell if regime change in Venezuela is successful without significant monetary or human cost.”

Many Democrats denounced Trump’s actions in Venezuela and the Democratic National Committee quickly sought to raise money by blasting “another unconstitutional war from Trump.”

Rep. Alexandria Ocasio Cortez, D-N.Y., rejected the administration’s argument that it was combating drug crimes, saying on X that the White House is instead focused on “oil and regime change” while seeking to “to distract from Epstein + skyrocketing healthcare costs.” Former Transportation Secretary Pete Buttigieg said the strike was part of an “old and obvious pattern” where an “unpopular president — failing on the economy and losing his grip on power at home — decides to launch a war for regime change abroad.”



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Crude oil prices rise after Maduro ouster as Wall Street braces for jobs data

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Stock futures and oil prices edged higher on Sunday evening as investors began to digest the implications of the U.S. military raid on Venezuela that captured Nicolas Maduro.

While the country has the world’s largest proven oil reserves, production has been waning for years amid U.S. sanctions, mismanagement by the Maduro regime, and underinvestment.

President Donald Trump said Saturday that Maduro’s removal will unleash a surge of investment in Venezuela’s oil industry and revive output, though analysts have said that could take years.

Meanwhile, Venezuela’s shrinking influence in the world’s oil landscape has Wall Street downplaying much near-term effects from U.S. intervention there.

“The physical global oil market situation remains the same. Oil prices have declined due to an oversupplied global oil market,” said Rob Hummel, senior portfolio manager at Tortoise Capital Management, said in a note. “The current events in Venezuela don’t change this dynamic.”

U.S. oil futures rose 0.19% to $57.43 a barrel, and Brent crude climbed 0.28% to $60.92 a barrel, with both benchmarks reversing earlier losses.

OPEC+ also backed plans to keep production steady through the first quarter and hold off on any further hikes, as oil markets still face a supply glut.

Futures tied to the Dow Jones industrial average were essentially flat, down 5 points. S&P 500 futures were up 0.10%, and Nasdaq futures added 0.32%.

The yield on the 10-year Treasury was unchanged at 4.191%. The U.S. dollar was up 0.14% against the euro and up 0.22% against the yen. 

Gold rallied 1.7% to $4,403.70 per ounce, and silver jumped 5.4% to $74.86. Bitcoin edged up 2.3% to $92,265.

After the successful Venezuela raid, Trump said he is still eyeing Greenland and warned Cuba is “very similar” to the Maduro regime.

But the economic calendar may bring his focus back on the U.S. economy rather than more foreign adventures. The upcoming batch of numbers is also highly anticipated as they will largely be free from distortions related to the government shutdown.

On Monday, the Institute for Supply Management will release its manufacturing activity index. On Wednesday, ADP puts out its private-sector payroll report, and the Labor Department publishes job opening and turnover report.

And on Friday, the Labor Department will issue its monthly jobs report, with Wall Street expecting a gain of just 54,000 and another increase in the unemployment rate to 4.7%.



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